Nahash the Ammonite's demand to gouge out the right eye of every Israelite was a brutal and humiliating condition for peace. In ancient times, the right eye was crucial for soldiers, especially archers, as it was often used for aiming. By proposing to blind them in one eye, Nahash intended to weaken the Israelites militarily and bring shame upon them. This act of aggression was not just a physical threat but also a psychological one, aiming to demoralize the people of Jabesh Gilead and, by extension, all of Israel.
The demand highlights the harsh realities of ancient warfare and the lengths to which enemies would go to assert dominance. It also underscores the vulnerability of the Israelites at this time, lacking a strong, centralized leadership. This crisis becomes a pivotal moment for Saul, who is newly anointed as king. It provides him with the opportunity to demonstrate his leadership and rally the tribes of Israel to defend their brethren. The situation calls for unity and courage, setting the stage for Saul's emergence as a capable leader who can protect and unify the nation against external threats.