The verse captures a moment of strategic urgency in the ancient Near Eastern context, where city-states and kingdoms often formed alliances for mutual protection or aggression. Here, an Amorite king is rallying other kings to attack Gibeon, a city that has recently allied with Joshua and the Israelites. This alliance with Israel, a rising power under Joshua's leadership, is perceived as a significant threat to the existing power structures. The Gibeonites' decision to make peace with Israel is a bold move, reflecting their recognition of Israel's growing influence and perhaps a desire for security amidst regional instability.
This verse underscores the complexities of ancient diplomacy and warfare, where shifting alliances could alter the balance of power. It also illustrates the broader theme of choosing peace over conflict, even when such choices invite hostility from others. The Gibeonites' choice to ally with Israel, despite the risks, suggests a trust in the Israelites' God and a hope for a more stable future. This narrative invites reflection on the courage required to pursue peace and the potential costs involved.