The Sadducees, who did not believe in the resurrection, approached Jesus with a question designed to challenge His teachings on life after death. They presented a scenario involving seven brothers, where the first brother marries a woman but dies without leaving any children. This story is part of a larger question about whose wife the woman would be in the resurrection, as each brother in turn marries her according to the law of levirate marriage.
This verse sets the stage for Jesus to teach about the nature of the resurrection and the life to come. It underscores the limitations of human understanding when it comes to divine matters. Jesus uses this opportunity to explain that earthly relationships and institutions, like marriage, do not apply in the same way in the resurrected life. The passage encourages believers to look beyond earthly concerns and trust in the transformative power of God, who offers a new kind of life beyond death. It reassures Christians of the hope and promise of eternal life, inviting them to deepen their faith in God's eternal plan.